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Math Topics
College Algebra
Functions and Graphs
1
The Coordinate System; Lines and Their Graphs
A 2012 Honda Civics value over time can be approximated by the equation \(v=-2200t+22000\) where \(t\) denotes the number of years after its purchase. Answer the following questions:
What will be the value of the car \(6\) years after purchase.
What are the slope and \(v\)-intercept, and what do they represent?
For what value of \(t\) will the value of the car be zero?
In 2010, there were \(1\text{,}400\) Canada Geese in a wildfire refuge. In 2016, their population increased to \(1\text{,}820\).
Write an equation for the population of Canada Geese, \(y\), in terms of \(x\), the number of years since 2010.
What are the slope and \(y\)-intercept and what do they represent?
When will the goose population reach \(1\text{,}960\)?
2
Coordinate Geometry, Circles, and Other Equations
3
Functions
Which of the following correspondences satisfy the definition of a function?
The input value is one of the letters from the set \(\{\text{J, F, M, A, S, O, N, D}\}\) and the output value is a name of a month beginning with that letter.
The correspondence defined by Table 1.
The input value is the radius of a circle and the output value is the area of the circle.
Eduardo is a part-time salesperson at Digitex Audio, a sound equipment store. Each week, he is paid a salary of \(\$200\) plus a commission of \(10\%\) of the amount of sales he generates that week, in dollars.
What are the input and output variables for this problem?
Express Eduardo’s pay for one week as a function of the sales he generates that week.
What was his pay for a week in which he generated \(\$4000\) worth of sales?
Table 3 gives the U.S. Postal Service’s rate for a first-class letter in 2013 as a function of the weight of the letter. Letters heavier than \(3.5\) ounces are classified separately, and are not listed here.
Identify the independent variable and the dependent variable.
Explain why this table represents a function.
What is the rate for a first-class letter weighing \(3.2\) ounces?
Figure 4 depicts the average high temperature in Fargo, North Dakota, in degrees Fahrenheit, as a function of the month of the year.
Let \(T(m)\) be the function by the graph, where \(m\) is the month of the year. What is \(T(\text{May})\)?
What are the valid input values for this function?
4
Graphs of Functions
5
Linear Functions and Models; Regression; Variation
At the end of the year, Jocelyn’s employer gives her an annual bonus of \(\$1000\) plus \(\$200\) for each year she has been employed by the company. Answer the following questions.
Find a linear function that relates Jocelyn’s bonus to the number of years of her employment with the company.
Use the function you found in part (a) to calculate the annual bonus Jocelyn will receive after she has worked for the company for \(8\) years,
Use the function you found in part (a) to calculate how long Jocelyn would have to work at the company for her annual bonus to amount to \(\$3200\).
Interpret the slope and \(y\)-intercept for this problem both verbally and graphically.
The volume if a fixed mass of gas is directly proportional to its temperature, measured in degrees Kelvin. If the volume of a gas is \(450\) cc (cubic centimeters) at \(300\) K (degrees Kelvin), find the following:
The variation constant \(k\) in the equation \(V=kT\).
The volume of the gas at \(340\) K.
The temperature of the same gas if the volume is \(300\) cc.
The price of a product is inversely proportional to its demand. That is, \(P=\dfrac{k}{p}\), where \(P\) is the price per unit and \(q\) is the number of products demanded. If \(3000\) units are demanded at \(\$10\) per unit, how many units are demanded at \(\$6\) per unit?
6
Analyzing the Graph of a Function; Rate of Change; Difference Quotients
A ball is dropped from a height of \(100\) meters. At time \(t\), in seconds, the height of the ball from the ground is given by \(f(t)=-4.9t^2+100\). Calculate the following:
The average rate of change of \(f\) on the interval \([1,3]\).
The difference quotient \(\dfrac{f(a+h)-f(a)}{h}\)
7
The Algebra of Functions
The GlobalEx Corporation has revenues modeled by the function \(R(t)=40+2t\), where \(t\) is the number of years since 2010 and \(R(t)\) is in millions of dollars. Its operating costs are modeled by the function \(C(t)=35+1.6t\), where \(t\) is the number of years since 2010 and \(C(t)\) is in millions of dollars. Find the profit function \(P(t)\) for GlobalEx Corporation.
The cost of fuel for running a fleet of vehicles owned by GlobalEx Corporation is given by \(C(x)=2.5x\), where \(x\) is the total number of gallons of fuel used. The Canadian branch, however, records its fuel consumption in liters. The conversion from liters to gallons is given by the function \(G(x)=0.26x\), where \(x\) is the number of liters.
Find \((C\circ G)(x)\) and interpret it.
Find the cost for \(120\) liters of fuel, reported by the Canadian branch.
8
Transformations of the Graph of a Function
Make a table of values of the functions \(f(x)=\lvert x \rvert\) and \(g(x)=\lvert x-2 \rvert\), for \(x=-3\), \(-2\), \(-1\), \(0\), \(1\), \(2\), \(3\). Use your table to sketch the graphs of the two functions. What are the domain and range of \(f\) and \(g\)?
Suppose the graph of a function \(g(x)\) is produced from the graph of \(f(x)=x^2\) by vertically compressing the graph of \(f\) by a factor of \(\dfrac{1}{3}\), then shifting it to the left by \(1\) unit, and finally shifting it downward by \(2\) units. Give an expression for \(g(x)\) and sketch the graphs of both \(f\) and \(g\).